A transaction must be in one of the following states:
1. Active: the initial state, the transaction stays in this state while it is executing.
2. Partially committed: after the final statement has been executed.
3. Failed: when the normal execution can no longer proceed.
4. Aborted: after the transaction has been rolled back and the database has been restored to its state prior to the start of the transaction.
5. Committed: after successful completion.
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