Cache is a smaller, faster memory which stores copies of the data from the most frequently used main memory locations. When the processor needs to read from or write to a location in a main memory, it first checks whether a copy of that data is in the cache. If so, the processor immediately reads from or writes to the cache, which is much faster than reading from or writing to the main memory. The CPU uses cache memory to store instructions that are repeatedly required to run programs, improving overall system speed.
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